miRNA Report
Overview
The miRNA Report is a specialized form of the Locus Report the
is provided in two views. The Locus Report view provides
information about the gene, its encoded pre-miRNA, and its
processed mature miRNA(s) while the Mature miRNA Report view
provides information only about the specified mature miRNA. Each
miRNA Report, presented as a web page, is similarly structured
across all species.
Please note: BKL subscribers who have
licensed both the Proteome and TRANSFAC modules will see the full
complement of information available in a miRNA Report. BKL
subscribers who have licensed only part of the BKL will see subsets
of information, depending on the subscription. The combined miRNA
Report for subscribers of the complete BIOBASE Knowledge Library is
described below.
miRNA Reports begin with a descriptive Title Line and comprise
information about the gene and its encoded and processed products,
curated as Properties that can be tabulated, and as free-text
Annotations. Below the Title Line and list of curated Synonyms the
various topics covered in the miRNA Report are listed.
Specifically, each complete miRNA Report has eight Properties
blocks: Biomarker Associations, Gene Ontology, Expression,
Transcriptional Regulation, RNA Features, and mRNA Targets. Each of
these Properties blocks contain links to Property Reports that
display additional details about the curated information. For
example, a subset of Gene Ontology (GO) terms appears in the Gene
Ontology block. Clicking the [details] link opens a Property Report
that provides the complete list of curated terms, with details
about experimental evidence and links to cited references. In
addition to the Properties blocks, 3 other sections are included in
complete miRNA Reports: Identifiers, free-text Annotations, and
References cited. Each section is described briefly below.
Gene and miRNA symbols mentioned in the Properties and
Annotations are hyperlinked to their respective Locus Reports. When
a Property or Annotation mentions something for which there exists
a BKL Report, a hyperlink connects between Reports.
miRNA Reports may be accessed through the BKL Tools or through hyperlinks
on BKL reports.
Anatomy of a miRNA Report
The structure of a miRNA Report is described below. Detailed
documentation for the individual BKL components is accessed from
links in the menu on the left, at the top of this page.
- Access help by clicking the help menu and clicking the Locus report help link.
- Navigate to the desired section of the report by opening the
table of contents
Points of navigation within the report are indicated by the
following visual cues.
- Links to additional reports within the BKL are presented as
regular text links.
- Links to external resources are indicated by a blue bubble,
such as the PubMedID link shown here: .
- Links to display additional text within the page are indicated
by a yellow bubble, such as the show abstract link shown
here: .
- Links providing an option to download content are indicated by
a green bubble, such as the FASTA link shown
here: .
- Links providing an option to send data to another tool within
the BKL are indicated by a gray bubble, such as the Pathfinder link
shown here: .
|
Introduction |
Provides a description and synonyms for the gene, its pre-miRNA,
and processed mature miRNAs. The Mature miRNA Report view provides
a description and synonyms for the specific mature form. |
|
Description |
The Locus Report view provides a concise, one-sentence description
of the gene, its pre-miRNA, and processed mature miRNAs, including
relevant aspects of their role or function in the cell. Title lines
begin with a name phrase, followed by a description of the miRNA's
function and/or the process or pathway in which it is involved,
followed by disease information when available for human, mouse,
and rat proteins. In the absence of literature-supported functional
or disease information, family membership may be noted. The Mature
miRNA Report view provides the same information specific to the
mature form. Title lines that appear on miRNA Reports originate
from the Proteome databases and are updated continually to reflect
the current literature. |
Synonyms |
The Locus Report view lists synonyms for the the gene, its
pre-miRNA, and processed mature miRNAs, including additional names
and abbreviations, separated by semicolons. The Mature miRNA Report
view lists only the synonyms for the specific mature form. |
Encoded products / Encoded by |
The Locus Report view lists the encoded pre-miRNA stem-loop and its
processed mature miRNAs. The mature miRNA names are linked to their
respective Mature miRNA Report view. A description is provided for
each mature form listed. The Mature miRNA Report view lists the
pre-miRNA or pre-miRNAs (stem-loop) that the mature miRNA is
processed from and the gene or genes that encode the pre-miRNA(s).
The pre-miRNA and gene names are linked to their respective Locus
Report. |
|
|
Biomarker Associations |
Displays a tabular summary of literature-derived relationships
between human miRNAs and
human disease processes. The first five entries are shown; click
[more ...] to view all entries. Data may be alternately sorted by
clicking on the column header. Click on the # associations link to
view a tabular breakdown of the data supporting the disease-miRNA
associations represented in each section. Click the disease entry
listed in the Disease column to open the corresponding Disease View
Report. In the Locus Report view, disease-miRNA associations
are provided by default in a summary table with attribution to the
specific mature form when possible. When not possible, based on the
original publication not being specific about the mature form being
studied, the attribution is assigned to mature form undetermined.
Click one of the yellow, detailed view buttons below the summary
table to display the detailed view for a specific form. In the
Mature miRNA Report view the detailed view is provided by default.
The detailed view is described below. In cases where the miRNA of
the page shares the same or more specific disease association with
at least one of its targets, two additional columns will be added
to the summary table of the Locus Report view and an additional
table will be added to the Mature miRNA report view. These
columns/tables indicate the change in miRNA and relevant target(s)
expression in the disease state compared to the normal state. A
change in expression is only noted if a "may" qualifier is not part
of the original curated statement. |
|
Type of Association |
Categories listed here describe the types of relationship reported
between the miRNA and a disease. |
Causal |
Indicates a causal relationship between the miRNA and the disease
and can be either confirmed or hypothetical. A tabular breakdown of
the data supporting the linkage with each disease (including cited
references) is accessible by clicking on [details], which opens a
Property Report. The MeSH
description of each disease is accessible from the Property
Report. |
Correlative |
Indicates a correlative relationship between the miRNA and the
disease and can be either confirmed or hypothetical. A tabular
breakdown of the data supporting the linkage with each disease
(including cited references) is accessible by clicking on
[details], which opens a Property
Report. The MeSH description of each disease is accessible from
the Property Report. |
Preventative |
Indicates a preventative relationship between the miRNA and the
disease and can be either confirmed or hypothetical. A tabular
breakdown of the data supporting the linkage with each disease
(including cited references) is accessible by clicking on
[details], which opens a Property
Report. The MeSH description of each disease is accessible from
the Property Report. |
Negative |
Indicates a negative relationship between the miRNA and the
disease, including negative relationships from all categories
listed above. A tabular breakdown of the data supporting the
linkage with each disease (including cited references) is
accessible by clicking on [details], which opens a Property Report. The MeSH description of
each disease is accessible from the Property Report. |
Indication |
Categories listed here describe what the miRNA/disease association
might indicate about the utility of the biomarker. |
Disease Mechanism |
Indicates that this miRNA has been reported to provide information
on the mechanism behind the disease. A tabular breakdown of the
data supporting the linkage with each disease (including cited
references) is accessible by clicking on [details], which opens a
Property Report. |
Prognosis |
Indicates that this miRNA has been reported to provide information
on the progression or severity of a disease. A tabular breakdown of
the data supporting the linkage with each disease (including cited
references) is accessible by clicking on [details], which opens a
Property Report. |
Therapeutic Target |
Indicates that reports on this miRNA suggest a use as a target for
treatment of this disease. A tabular breakdown of the data
supporting the linkage with each disease (including cited
references) is accessible by clicking on [details], which opens a
Property Report. |
Inherited Mutations |
Provides a link to the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) report
for the gene with an overview of the mutation counts contained
within. Note that access to HGMD requires a separate
subscription. |
|
|
|
Pharmacogenomic Variants |
This section lists the drugs that have been recorded in Drugbank as
targeting the protein of interest, or are metabolized by the
protein of the interest. Drugs are listed in alphabetical
order. |
|
Drugs targeting the protein |
Lists Drugbank drugs which target the protein, with links to the
corresponding drug report. |
Drugs metabolized by the protein |
Lists Drugbank drugs which are metabolized by the protein, with
links to the corresponding drug report. |
|
|
|
Gene Ontology |
Gene Ontology (GO) is a hierarchical classification system used to
describe miRNA attributes. More than one term indicates that the
miRNA has multiple attributes not adequately described by a single
term. In the Locus Report view a summary table is provided with
attribution to the specific mature form when possible. When not
possible, based on the original publication not being specific
about the mature form being studied, the attribution is assigned to
mature form undetermined. In the Mature miRNA Report view the
assigned attributes are listed directly. |
|
Molecular function |
Describes the biochemical activity of the miRNA. Additional
information about function is accessible by clicking on [details],
which opens a detailed Property
Report. |
Biological process |
Describes the biological "objective" to which the miRNA
contributes. Additional information about role is accessible by
clicking on [details], which opens a detailed Property Report. |
Cellular component |
Identifies the place in a cell where the miRNA is active.
Additional information about localization is accessible by clicking
on [details], which opens a detailed Property Report. |
|
|
|
Expression |
Spatial patterns of miRNA expression during the development and
maintenance of a multicellular organism and regulation of that
expression. In the Locus Report view a summary table is provided
with attribution of the pattern to the specific mature form when
possible. When not possible, based on the original publication not
being specific about the mature form being studied, the pattern is
assigned to mature form undetermined. In the Mature miRNA Report
view the assigned patterns are listed directly. |
|
Tissue Expression |
Organ/Tissue |
Describes expression of human, mouse, or rat miRNA in organs and
tissues. Additional details, including experimental methods, are
accessible by clicking on [details], which opens a detailed
Property Report. |
Cell Type |
Describes expression of human, mouse, or rat miRNA in specific cell
types. Additional details, including experimental methods, are
accessible by clicking on [details], which opens a detailed
Property Report. |
Tumor Type |
Describes expression of human, mouse, or rat miRNA in specific
tumor types. Additional details, including experimental methods,
are accessible by clicking on [details], which opens a detailed
Property Report. |
|
Regulation of Gene Expression |
Identifies proteins, complexes, or pathways that regulate the
expression of the gene or genes that encode the pre-miRNAs which
are processed into the mature miRNAs - either directly or
indirectly. |
Proteins, complexes, or pathways that influence expression |
Identifies proteins, complexes, or pathways that regulate the
expression of the gene, with hyperlinks to the corresponding
Reports. Additional details, including the observed changes in
expression and the cited references, are accessible by clicking on
[details], which opens a detailed Property Report. |
|
|
|
Transcriptional Regulation |
Describes features of the gene that contribute to its regulation,
including the regulatory factors that regulate the gene. Clicking
the icon loads the gene and its regulators into the BKL
Pathfinder. |
|
Regulation of the gene's expression |
Promoter |
Displays hyperlinks to Promoter Reports
that correspond to the gene. The provided Match link allows you to
directly initiate a Match analysis for predicted transcription
factor binding sites within the associated promoter(s). Clicking
the Match link opens a dialog box where you are asked to specify
whether you wish to analyze all promoters or only the
best-supported promoter, the sequence window to be analyzed, and
the profile to be used. Results are returned in a new window. For
more information about Match or about promoters, please see the
Match overview and
Promoter
Report overview respectively. For IP-only and installed
customers, please note that access to the Match feature requires
login. If you have not already done so before clicking the link you
will be prompted to login before proceeding to the dialog box. |
Regulatory Elements |
Provides a graphical display of the location of transcription
factor binding sites within the gene. Individual transcription
factors are color coded for easy location within the Binding Sites
and Composite Elements tables where more details are provided. Note
that only transcription factors whose binding site coordinates are
relative to the TSS (Transcription Start Site) are graphically
displayed, while all binding sites are represented in the tabular
display. |
Transcription factor binding sites |
A tabular display of the transcription factor binding sites within
the gene, with hyperlinks to the corresponding Site Reports.
Also provides the location of the binding site, the name(s) of the
transcription factor(s) that bind the sites with hyperlinks to the
corresponding Locus Reports, the associated DNA binding reaction,
and a summary of the regulatory effect. The first five entries are
shown, click [more ...] to view all entries. |
Composite element binding sites |
A tabular display of the composite elements sites within the gene,
with hyperlinks to the corresponding Composite
Element Reports. Also provides the location of the composite
element, the factors that bind within the composite element with
hyperlinks to the corresponding Locus Reports or Complex Reports, and a
summary of the regulatory effect. The first five entries are shown,
click [more ...] to view all entries. |
Near by in vivo fragments |
Identifies the regions bound in vivo, as determined by ChIP-Chip
assays, with hyperlinks to the corresponding ChIP Fragment
Reports. Also lists the names of transcription factors that
bind the regions, with hyperlinks to the corresponding Locus
Reports. The first five entries are shown, click [more ...] to view
all entries. |
Regions with characterized functionality |
Describes the regions of a gene, for which functionality was shown
under certain conditions, with hyperlinks to the corresponding
Functional
Region Reports. The first five entries are shown, click [more
...] to view all entries. |
|
|
|
RNA Features |
Describes the nucleotide sequence of the mRNA, as well as the
sequence information origin |
|
Locus Report View |
Stem-loop: |
Synonyms |
Provides any synonyms for the pre-miRNA. |
Nucleotide sequence |
Provides the nucleotide sequence for the stem-loop pre-miRNA with,
when relevant, the 5p mature miRNA sequence highlighted in yellow
and the 3p mature miRNA sequence highlighted in pink. The seed
sequence of each mature miRNA is underlined. Clicking the FASTA
button allows for expore of the nucleotide sequence in fasta
format. Clicking the miRBase identifier navigates to the
corresponding report at miRBAse. |
Genomic coordinates |
Provides the chromosome, start position, end position and strand
orientation of the gene relative to the hg19 reference genome.
Clicking the View in UCSC genome browser button loads the
coordinates into the UCSC genome browser. |
Host gene |
When relevant, identifies the protein coding or non-protein coding
gene that the miRNA gene is located within. |
miR cluster |
When relevant, identifies other miRNAs that are located within
10,000 bp of each other and are potentially regulated in a
coordinate manner. |
miR family |
When relevant, identifies the miRBase family that the pre-miRNA has
been assigned to at miRBase. Clicking the Find all family members
button performs a search for all entries assigned to the indicated
family and displays the search results in a new window or tab. |
Mature miRNA: |
Synonyms |
Provides any synonyms for the specified mature miRNA. |
Nucleotide sequence |
Provides the nucleotide sequence for the specified mature miRNA.
The seed sequence is underlined. Clicking the FASTA button allows
for expore of the nucleotide sequence in fasta format. Clicking the
miRBase identifier navigates to the corresponding report at
miRBAse. |
TargetScan seed family |
When relevant, identifies the TargetScan seed family that the
specified mature miRNA has been assigned to at TargetScan. Clicking
the Find all family members button performs a search for all
entries assigned to the indicated family and displays the search
results in a new window or tab. |
Species conservation |
Derived directly from the TargetScan seed family assignments,
displays conserved mature miRNAs across human, mouse, rat, C.
elegans, C. familiaris, C. griseus, D.
rerio, M. mulatta, and M. nemestrina
species. |
|
Mature miRNA Report view |
Encoding gene |
Lists the gene that encodes the pre-miRNA from which the mature
form is processed. If the mature form is processed from more than
one pre-miRNA this section will be repeated. |
Stem-loop |
Lists the stem-loop pre-miRNA from which the mature form is
processed. If the mature form is processed from more than one
pre-miRNA this section will be repeated. |
Host gene |
When relevant, identifies the protein coding or non-protein coding
gene that the miRNA gene is located within. |
miR cluster |
When relevant, identifies other miRNAs that are located within
10,000 bp of each other and are potentially regulated in a
coordinate manner. |
miR family |
When relevant, identifies the miRBase family that the pre-miRNA has
been assigned to at miRBase. Clicking the Find all family members
button performs a search for all entries assigned to the indicated
family and displays the search results in a new window or tab. |
Nucleotide sequence |
Provides the nucleotide sequence for the specified mature miRNA.
The seed sequence is underlined. Clicking the FASTA button allows
for expore of the nucleotide sequence in fasta format. Clicking the
miRBase identifier navigates to the corresponding report at
miRBAse. |
TargetScan seed family |
When relevant, identifies the TargetScan seed family that the
specified mature miRNA has been assigned to at TargetScan. Clicking
the Find all family members button performs a search for all
entries assigned to the indicated family and displays the search
results in a new window or tab. |
Species conservation |
Derived directly from the TargetScan seed family assignments,
displays conserved mature miRNAs across human, mouse, rat, C.
elegans, C. familiaris, C. griseus, D.
rerio, M. mulatta, and M. nemestrina
species. |
|
|
|
mRNA Targets |
Describes the genes whose mRNAs are regulated by the miRNA. |
|
|
mRNA bound by the RNA |
A tabular display of genes whose mRNA the miRNA binds, with
hyperlinks to the corresponding Locus Reports for the genes and
TRANSFAC
Site Reports for the binding sites. Provides information about
the location of binding within the mRNA, a graphical disply of the
experimental methods used to determine binding, the effect of
binding, as well as the quality score
for the interaction. Additional experimental details can be viewed
by navigating to the TRANSFAC Site
Report for the binding site. The first five entries are shown,
click [more ...] to view all entries.
The experimental evidence categories are organized as:
AL - predicted by algorithm
DM - DNA microarray
FA - functional analysis
MR - mRNA repression by miRNA/siRNA
NO - northern analysis
RT - RT-PCR
WE - western blot
OT - other
All experimental methods that do not fall into one of the other
categories will be assigned to the OT (other) category. |
|
|
|
Identifiers |
Displays internal and external identifiers associated with the gene
or miRNA. |
|
BKL Accessions |
Lists the primary and secondary identifiers for the gene and miRNA
of the page. |
External Identifiers |
Displays hyperlinks to corresponding entries in external
databases. |
|
|
|
Annotations |
Displays free-text annotations manually curated from the scientific
literature. |
|
Annotation Topics |
- Annotations compiled from the literature are presented in this
view of the Locus Report for all species.
- Each bulleted line is an free-text annotation extracted from
the published, peer-reviewed scientific literature.
- Annotations end with hyperlinked PubMed identifiers (in
parentheses).
- Reference numbers correspond to the numbered references in the
References view of the Locus Report.
- All Annotations are categorized and sorted by Annotation Topic,
separated by a labeled gray bar as shown above.
- See detailed documentation for the specific Proteome Database
for information about the Annotation topics. Detailed documentation
for each Proteome Database is accessible from the menu on the left,
at the top of this page.
- The first five entries are shown for each topic, click [more
...] to view all entries for the topic. Alternatively, click the
'Display all annotations' check box to view all entries for all
annotation topics.
|
|
|
|
References |
Displays list of references cited in the Locus Report. |
|
This block gives the full citations, with titles, that correspond
to the PubMed identifiers displayed. When a PubMed identifier is
not available, the Medline identifier is displayed. When neither a
PubMed nor Medline identifier is available, a BIOBASE-specific
number is assigned preceded by a "P". Nearly all of the reference
numbers are hyperlinked to the Entrez database where the abstracts
may be read. All references cited in the annotations and properties
section are listed, and other references known to contain
information about the protein may also be listed. The first five
references are shown, click [more ...] to view all references. View
abstracts via webservice by additionally clicking the Show abstract
button which appears. |
|
|